Delta Fastener Corp. can provide a wide variety of inconel fasteners such as; inconel nuts, inconel bolts, sockets, washers and more in Inconel. If we do not have your inconel nuts or inconel bolts in stock (Inch or Metric) we can have these manufactured to your specification.
Inconel is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation that refers to a family of austenitic nickel-chromium-based superalloys.[1] Inconel alloys are typically used in high temperature applications. It is often referred to in English as "Inco" (or occasionally "Iconel"). Common trade names for Inconel include: Inconel 625, Chronin 625, Altemp 625, Haynes 625, Nickelvac 625 and Nicrofer 6020.[2]
The Inconel family of alloys was first developed in the 1940s by research teams at the Wiggin Works in Hereford, England, in support of the development of the Whittle jet engine.
Different Inconels have widely varying compositions, but all are predominantly nickel, with chromium as the second element.
| Inconel | Element (% by mass) | ||||||||||||||
| Ni | Cr | Fe | Mo | Nb | Co | Mn | Cu | Al | Ti | Si | C | S | P | B | |
| 600 | 72.0 | 14.0-17.0 | 6.0-10.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | |||||||
| 617 | 44.2-56.0 | 20.0-24.0 | 3.0 | 8.0-10.0 | 10.0-15.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8-1.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.15 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 | |
| 625 | 58.0 | 20.0-23.0 | 5.0 | 8.0-10.0 | 3.15-4.15 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.015 | 0.015 | ||
| 718 | 50.0-55.0 | 17.0-21.0 | balance | 2.8-3.3 | 4.75-5.5 | 1.0 | 0.35 | 0.2-0.8 | 0.65-1.15 | 0.3 | 0.35 | 0.08 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.006 |
| X-750 | 70.0 | 14.0-17.0 | 5.0-9.0 | 0.7-1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4-1.0 | 2.25-2.75 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.01 | |||
Inconel alloys are oxidation and corrosion resistant materials well suited for service in extreme environments. When heated, Inconel forms a thick, stable, passivating oxide layer protecting the surface from further attack. Inconel retains strength over a wide temperature range, attractive for high temperature applications where aluminum and steel would succumb to creep as a result of thermally-induced crystal vacancies (see Arrhenius equation).
Inconel's high temperature strength is developed by solid solution strengthening or precipitation strengthening, depending on the alloy. In age hardening or precipitation strengthening varieties, small amounts of niobium combine with nickel to form the intermetallic compound Ni3Nb or gamma prime (?'). Gamma prime forms small cubic crystals that inhibit slip and creep effectively at elevated temperatures.
Inconel is a difficult metal to shape and machine using traditional techniques due to rapid work hardening. After the first machining pass, work hardening tends to plastically deform either the workpiece or the tool on subsequent passes. For this reason, age-hardened Inconels such as 718 are machined using an aggressive but slow cut with a hard tool, minimizing the number of passes required. Alternatively, the majority of the machining can be performed with the workpiece in a solutionised form, with only the final steps being performed after age-hardening. External threads are machined using a lathe to "single point" the threads, or by rolling the threads using a screw machine.
Holes with internal threads are made by welding or brazing threaded inserts made of stainless steel. Cutting of plate is often done with a waterjet cutter. Internal threads can also be cut by single point method on lathe, or by threadmilling on a machining center. New whisker reinforced ceramic cutters are also used to machine nickel alloys. They remove material at a rate typically 8 times faster than carbide cutters. 718 Inconel can also be roll threaded after full aging by using induction heat to 1300 degrees F without increasing grain size.[citation needed]
Welding inconel alloys is difficult due to cracking and microstructural segregation of alloying elements in the heat affected zone. However, several alloys have been designed to overcome these problems. The most common welding methods are gas tungsten arc welding and electron beam welding.[8] New innovations in pulsed micro laser welding have also become more popular in recent years.
Inconel is often encountered in extreme environments. It is common in gas turbine blades, seals, and combustors, as well as turbocharger rotors and seals, electric submersible well pump motor shafts, high temperature fasteners, chemical processing and pressure vessels, heat exchanger tubing, steam generators in nuclear pressurized water reactors, natural gas processing with contaminants such as H2S and CO2, firearm sound suppressor blast baffles, and Formula One and NASCAR exhaust systems.[9][10] Inconel is increasingly used in the boilers of waste incinerators.[11] The Joint European Torus vessel is made in Inconel.[12]
North American Aviation constructed the skin of the X-15 rocket plane out of an Inconel alloy known as "Inconel X".[13]
Rocketdyne used Inconel X-750 for the thrust chamber of the F-1 rocket engine used in the first stage of the Saturn V Booster.[14]
Inconel is also used for the lightweight Sport Exhaust of a recent supercar, the McLaren MP4-12C. Rolled Inconel was frequently used as the recording medium by engraving in black box recorders on aircraft[15]
Alternatives to the use of Inconel in chemical applications like scrubber, columns, reactors, and pipes is Hastelloy, perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) lined carbon steel or fiber reinforced plastic.
Inconel 600: Solid solution strengthened
Inconel 625: Acid resistant, good weldability
Inconel 690: Low cobalt content for nuclear applications, and low resistivity[16]
Inconel 718: Gamma double prime strengthened with good weldability
Inconel 751: Increased aluminum content for improved rupture strength in the 1600'F range[17]
Inconel 792: Increased aluminum content for improved high temperature corrosion properties, used especially in gas turbines
Inconel 939: Gamma prime strengthened with good weldability
Information from Special Metals and Wikipedia.
Disclaimer: The dimensions listed are for reference only. Sizes not listed may be available off the shelf or can be manufactured to customer requirements.